Hluav taws kub lub qhov rooj yog cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kub uas muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Thaum cov neeg nyob thiab cov neeg tuaj saib siv qee lub qhov rooj ib hnub txhua hnub, lawv tsis tshua siv lwm lub qhov rooj hluav taws, uas tseem qhib lossis kaw. Yog tsis muaj cov qauv tsim tsim kho kom tsim nyog thiab kev tshuaj xyuas thiab cov txheej txheem saib xyuas cov hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws kub uas poob rau cov khoom siv tiv thaiv zoo.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis hluav taws thiab haus luam yeeb tsis pub dhau, kev saib xyuas txij nkawm rau cov pob zeb tiv thaiv kab mob uas tau txais cov lej thiab cov qauv hauv tebchaws.
Teeb av
Thaum ob peb qhov kev tu hluav taws tau coj mus rau cov kev hloov kho tseem ceeb rau cov qauv hluav taws, cov tswv lag luam rau cov tswv cuab thiab cov thawj coj tsis txhob txwm tsis pom thiab cov txheej txheem saib xyuas.
Kom nkag siab txog qhov sib luag ntawm cov qhov rooj hluav taws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov ntsiab lus los ntawm National Cov Koom Haum Hluav Taws Xob Tiv Thaiv (NFPA) thiab covCov Code thoob ntiaj teb CouncilCov. Lub qhov rooj hluav taws yog lub qhov rooj sib xyaw ntawm lub qhov rooj hluav taws sib dhos. Lub rooj sib txoos no muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub qhov rooj hluav taws, ncej, kho vajtse thiab lwm yam khoom siv ua ke muab cov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws rau kev qhib.
Cov rooj hluav taws kub poob rau hauv cov pawg uas suav nrog: viav vias; Kab rov tav zawg; zawv zawg lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb; ntsug zawv zawg; dov hlau; hluav taws tua; cov txee rau khoom; hoist txoj kev xav rau cov elevators thiab ruam; chutes; thiab nkag.NFPA 101, Lub Neej Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb, thiab tus qauv ua lub tsev lub tsev thiab cov hluav taws cov kab lis dej hluav taws kom paub qhov ntsuas hluav taws tsawg kawg li 30 feeb txog peb teev lossis ntau teev lossis ntau teev lossis ntau teev.
Lub NFPA cov lus thov tsis ua haujlwm ze yog qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm cov qhov rooj hluav taws ntawm cov hluav taws. Kev sib pab cuam tshuam nrog: tsis muaj txij nkawm; kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev rau kev kaw, lub qhov rooj, cov lus qhia, lossis cov ciav hlau; thiab qhov rooj thaiv kev. Qee qhov kev ua yuam kev ua yuam kev pom ntawm qhov rooj hluav taws kub muaj xws li cov kab nyob hauv qab thiab cov khoom siv tsis raug kaw.
Cov thawj tswj hwm tsis tuaj yeem ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo rau hluav taws-qhov rooj ua tau tshwj tsis yog cov kws ua haujlwm siv cov qhov rooj rau kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv NFPA 1, qhov tsis zoo ntawm daim npavNfpa 80, Qauv rau lub qhov rooj hluav taws thiab lwm qhov kev pab cuam qhib.
Xyoo 2007 ntawm NFPA 80 yuav tsum tau sau cov rooj tua hluav taws tsuas yog sau cov nplaim hluav taws, thiab daim ntawv lo yuav tsum nrog rau qhov rooj lossis ncej. Qhov rooj, shutters thiab cov qhov rai yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm txhua lub sijhawm thiab khaws kaw thiab raug teeb tsa lossis teem rau kev kaw tsis siv neeg.
Thaum hloov chaw kho hluav taws, cov ntaub thaiv cov ntaub, cov thav duab lossis cov khoom siv glazing, thiab yuav raug teeb tsa raws li kev tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab yuav tsum tau los ntawm cov qauv rau kev teeb tsa tshiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij yam tsis tau ncua yuav tsum kho thiab kho qhov puas yog uas yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm.
Thaum muaj kev hloov kho ntawm kev sib dhos rau lub qhov rooj hluav taws-lub qhov rooj sib dhos, cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum hu rau chav kuaj uas nws daim ntawv lo ntawm cov kev sib dhos thiab piav qhia cov kev hloov kho. Yog tias chav kuaj pom cov kev hloov kho yuav tsis haum rau kev ncaj ncees thiab kev sib dhos cov peev xwm tua hluav taws-tsis kam lees cov kev hloov kho tsis tau mus ntsib.
Kuaj, Kev Tshuaj Ntsuam
Txhawm rau txo qis tsis tiav thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg tau, NFPA 80 lub xeev yuav tsum tau kos npe thiab siv cov ntaub ntawv kuaj yuav tsum kos npe txhua xyoo, thiab siv cov tshuab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas yuav tsum kos npe rau txoj cai tswjfwm rau ib xyoos, AHJ). "
Thaum cov thawj tswj hwm tuaj yeem teem sijhawm kuaj, kev kuaj mob, cov hom phiaj ua tiav raws li kev sib dhos ua haujlwm yuav ua rau lub rooj sib tham yuav ua tiav thaum raug hluav taws.
Cov tswj hwm yuav tsum tau teev cov kev ua haujlwm rau kev kuaj xyuas, kev sim, thiab kev saib xyuas sib nrug. Kev xaiv-ua kev kawm yog yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm lees txais rau AHJ. Cov tib neeg nrog kev paub thiab kev nkag siab ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm hom qhov rooj raug kuaj yuav tsum ua kev sim ua hluav taws kub thiab lub qhov rai sib tham. Ua ntej kev sim, tus kuaj xyuas yuav tsum ua qhov pom kev kom pom kev puas tsuaj lossis ploj uas tuaj yeem tsim kev phom sij thaum kuaj lossis rov ua haujlwm.
Yuav tsum ua kom cov qauv ntawm NFPA 80 cov txheej txheem rau kev kho vajtse lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws kub, thiab cov duab hluav taws kub rau ob sab ntawm cov kev sib txoos. Raws li tsawg kawg, tus kuaj xyuas yuav tsum xyuas cov khoom no:
• Tsis muaj qhov qhib qhov lossis tawg nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub qhov rooj lossis thav duab.
• Glazing, lub zeem muag lub teeb ci, thiab glazing hlaws dai yog lawm thiab ruaj khov nrawm, yog tias muaj.
• Lub qhov rooj, ncej, pob khawm, kho vajtse, thiab tsis sib luag ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov, ua raws li kev ua haujlwm, nrog tsis pom kev puas tsuaj.
• Tsis muaj qhov chaw ploj lossis tawg.
• Cov qhov rooj kev ntshiab rau ntawm lub qhov rooj ntug ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm lub qhov rooj tsis pub tshaj 1/2} nti lossis 3 / {} nti undercut.
• Tus kheej kaw ntaus ua haujlwm; Ntawd yog, lub qhov rooj nquag ua kom tiav thaum ua haujlwm los ntawm txoj haujlwm qhib tag nrho.
• Yog tus saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm yog qhov chaw, nplooj nplooj tsis nyob ze ua ntej nplooj.
• Latching Hardware ua haujlwm thiab nyab xeeb lub qhov rooj thaum nws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm kaw.
• Lub qhov rooj lossis cov ncej tsis muaj cov khoom siv kho vajtse uas cuam tshuam lossis cuam tshuam.
• Lub qhov rooj sib dhos tsis muaj kev hloov kho uas tsis muaj daim ntawv lo.
• Tshuaj xyuas kom pom tseeb ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm gasketing thiab ntug ntsaws ruaj ruaj, qhov uas xav tau.
Tiv thaiv kev thaiv lub qhov rooj yog qhov tseem ceeb los txo kev kis hluav taws thiab haus luam yeeb. Qhov rooj qhib thiab cov cheeb tsam ib puag ncig yuav tsum muaj tseeb ntawm txhua yam uas tuaj yeem thaiv lossis cuam tshuam nrog lub qhov rooj ua haujlwm dawb. Qhov twg tsim nyog, cov kws tshaj lij yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev thaiv kom tiv thaiv cov piling ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv cov rooj mus rau cov nplais. Thaiv lossis cov qhov rooj wedging hauv txoj haujlwm qhib yuav tsum raug txwv.
Kaw kev xav
Kev Tu Kom Zoo Ntawm Kaw Mechanisms yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov qhua. NFPA 80 ua rau cov hauv qab no:
• Cov cuab yeej kaw tus kheej yuav tsum ua haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm.
• Hauv phav phav, ua haujlwm ua viav vias lub qhov rooj ib txwm muaj nyob hauv qhov chaw qhib thiab nruab nrog cov khoom siv kaw hluav taws xob kom paub meej tias kev ua haujlwm.
• Ib zaug tshuaj xyuas thiab ntsuas txhua lub rooj kab rov tav lossis ntsug thiab muab lub qhov rooj hluav taws ntsug rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kaw tag nrho.
• Rov pib dua qhov kev tso tawm txheej txheem raws li cov khw cov lus qhia.
• Saib xyuas thiab muab rau AHJ sau ntawv sau cia.
• Thaum ua xeem txhua xyoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kaw tag nrho ntawm cov qhov rooj hlau uas siv ob, ua ob qhov kev xeem. Thawj qhov kev ntsuas thawj zaug kuaj xyuas kev ua haujlwm thiab kaw tag nrho, thiab qhov kev ntsuas thib ob yog qhia txog lub cuab yeej kaw hluav taws xob tau rov pib dua.
• Tsis txhob pleev xim rau fusible txuas lossis lwm yam khoom siv cua sov thiab tso tawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
• Tiv thaiv cov xim pleev xim los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov chaw txav.
Tus qauv cim thiab NFPA 80 muaj kev ntsuas ntsuas rau kev tshuaj xyuas thiab saib xyuas ntawm lub qhov rooj hluav taws, cov khoom siv kaw, thiab cov khoom siv. Ntau lub tsev, suav nrog cov chaw noj qab haus huv, cov tsev kho mob, chaw ua haujlwm, thiab cov chaw ua haujlwm yog qhov yuav muaj lub qhov rooj hluav taws. Cov hluav taws yuav tsum muaj hluav taws kub, kev nyab xeeb, kev nyab xeeb thiab cov neeg teb chaw muaj xwm ceev nyob ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tau zoo, muaj kev sib raug zoo
Robert Trotter, CBO, CBM, yog ib tus kws pab tswv yim nyob hauv kev tswj xyuasSmith Seckman Reid, cov qauv tsim qauv thiab cov tuam txhab kev sab laj. Nws muaj 22 xyoo ntawm kev paub hauv kev pabcuam hluav taws, suav nrog 12 xyoos raws li hluav taws kub hauv Franklin, Tenned Tus Kws Saib Xyuas Cov Hluav Taws Kub uas kuv thiab ib feem ntawm NFPA txoj kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv.
